Wadashaqeynta ka dhaxaysa qalabka naaftada naaftada ah iyo nidaamyada kaydinta tamarta ayaa ah xal muhiim ah si loo hagaajiyo isku halaynta, dhaqaalaha, iyo ilaalinta deegaanka ee nidaamyada tamarta casriga ah, gaar ahaan xaaladaha sida microgrids, ilaha tamarta kaydka ah, iyo isdhexgalka tamarta la cusboonaysiin karo. Kuwa soo socda ayaa ah mabaadi'da shaqada ee iskaashiga, faa'iidooyinka, iyo xaaladaha codsiga caadiga ah ee labada:
1. Habka iskaashiga Core
Xiritaanka ugu sarreysa
Mabda'a: Nidaamka kaydinta tamarta waxa uu dalacaa wakhtiyada isticmaalka koronto yar (iyadoo la isticmaalayo koronto jaban ama koronto dheeri ah oo ka yimaada matoorada naaftada) iyo dheecaanada inta lagu jiro xilliyada isticmaalka korontadu sareyso, taas oo yareyneysa wakhtiga culeyska sareeya ee matoorayaasha naaftada.
Faa'iidooyinka: Yaree isticmaalka shidaalka (qiyaastii 20-30%), yaree jeexjeexa iyo jeexjeexa cutubka, oo kordhiya wareegyada dayactirka.
Wax soo saar toos ah (Xakamaynta Qiimaha Sare)
Mabda'a: Nidaamka kaydinta tamarta ayaa si dhakhso ah uga jawaaba isbedbeddelka culeyska, magdhowga cilladaha dib-u-dhaca bilaabista matoorka naaftada (caadiyan 10-30 ilbiriqsi) iyo habaynta nidaaminta.
Faa'iidooyinka: Ka fogow joogsiga joogtada ah ee matoorada naaftada, ilaali soo noqnoqoshada/voltajka xasilloon, oo ku habboon bixinta tamarta qalabka saxda ah.
Bilawga Madow
Mabda'a: Nidaamka kaydinta tamarta wuxuu u adeegaa sida ilaha tamarta bilowga ah si uu si dhakhso ah u bilaabo mishiinka naaftada, xalinta dhibaatada matoorada naaftada dhaqameed ee u baahan koronto dibadeed si loo bilaabo.
Faa'iidada: Hagaajinta isku halaynta sahayda korantada degdega ah, oo ku habboon xaaladaha korantada korantada (sida isbitaalada iyo xarumaha xogta).
Isku-dhafka la cusboonaysiin karo
Mabda'a: Matoorka naaftada waxaa lagu daraa awoodda sawir-voltaic/dabaysha iyo kaydinta tamarta si loo dejiyo isbeddelka tamarta dib loo cusboonaysiin karo, iyada oo matoorka naaftada uu u yahay kayd.
Faa'iidooyinka: Kaydinta shidaalka waxay gaari kartaa in ka badan 50%, taasoo yaraynaysa qiiqa kaarboonka.
2. Qodobbada muhiimka ah ee qaabeynta farsamada
Shuruudaha shaqada ee qaybaha
Qalabka dhaliyaha naaftada ah waxa uu u baahan yahay in uu taageero habka hawlgalka soo noqnoqda ee bedbeddela oo uu la qabsado ku dallaca tamarta kaydinta iyo jadwalka dallacaadda (sida in lagula wareego kaydinta tamarta marka culayska otomaatiga ahi ka hooseeyo 30%).
Nidaamka kaydinta tamarta (BESS) ayaa mudnaan siiya isticmaalka baytariyada phosphate iron lithium (oo leh cimri dheer iyo badbaado sare) iyo noocyada awooda (sida 1C-2C) si loola tacaalo culeysyada saamaynta muddada-gaaban.
Nidaamka maaraynta tamarta (EMS) waxa uu u baahan yahay in uu yeesho hab-nololeedka beddelka badan ee macquulka ah (grid ku xiran/off grid/ hybrid) iyo algorithms qaybinta culeyska firfircoon.
Waqtiga jawaabta beddelaha laba jiho (PCS) waa in ka yar 20ms, taageerta beddelka aan kala go'a lahayn si looga hortago awoodda rogaal celinta mishiinka naaftada.
3. Xaaladaha codsiga caadiga ah
Jasiiradda microgrid
Photovoltaic+naaftada, kaydinta tamarta, matoorka naaftada kaliya wuxuu bilaabmaa habeenkii ama maalmaha daruuraha leh, hoos u dhigista qiimaha shidaalka in ka badan 60%.
Korantada kaydinta xarunta xogta
Kaydinta tamarta waxay mudnaan siinaysaa taageeridda culaysyada muhiimka ah 5-15 daqiiqo, iyadoo la wadaago koronto ka dib marka matoorka naaftada uu bilaabo si looga fogaado koronto daqiiqad ah.
Korontada miinada
Kaydinta tamarta waxay la qabsan kartaa culaysyada saamaynta leh sida kuwa qodaya, iyo mishiinnada naaftada ah waxay u shaqeeyaan si deggan oo baaxad leh oo tayo sare leh (70-80% heerka culayska).
4. Isbarbardhigga Dhaqaalaha (U Qaadashada Nidaamka 1MW Tusaale ahaan)
Qiimaha bilowga ah ee qorshaha qaabeynta (10000 yuan) Hawlgalka sanadlaha ah iyo kharashka dayactirka (10000 yuan) Isticmaalka shidaalka (L/sanad)
Dab dhaliyaha naaftada saafiga ah 80-100 25-35 150000
Kaydinta tamarta naaftada+(30% xiirashada ugu sarreysa) 150-180 15-20 100000
Wareegga dib-u-warshadaynta: caadiyan 3-5 sano (marka qiimaha korontadu sarreeyo, dib u warshadaynta ayaa dhakhso badan)
5. taxaddar
Waafaqsanaanta nidaamka: Guddoomiyaha injiinka naaftada wuxuu u baahan yahay inuu taageero hagaajinta awoodda degdegga ah inta lagu jiro faragelinta kaydinta tamarta (sida hagaajinta cabbirka PID).
Ilaalinta badbaadada: Si looga hortago culeyska xad dhaafka ah ee matoorka naaftada ee ay keento kaydinta tamarta xad dhaafka ah, barta adag ee SOC (State of Charge) (sida 20%) ayaa loo baahan yahay in la dejiyo.
Taageerada siyaasadda: Gobollada qaarkood waxay bixiyaan kabitaanno "matoorka naaftada+ kaydinta tamarta" nidaamka isku-dhafka ah (sida siyaasadda tijaabada kaydinta tamarta cusub ee Shiinaha 2023).
Iyada oo la adeegsanayo qaabeynta macquulka ah, isku dhafka matooriyaha naaftada iyo kaydinta tamarta ayaa gaari kara kor u kaca "kaabaynta saafiga ah" ilaa "microgrid smart", taas oo ah xal wax ku ool ah oo loogu talagalay kala-guurka tamarta dhaqameed ilaa kaarboon-yar. Naqshadaynta gaarka ah waxay u baahan tahay in si dhamaystiran loo qiimeeyo iyadoo lagu salaynayo sifooyinka rarka, qiimaha korontada deegaanka, iyo siyaasadaha.
Waqtiga boostada: Abriil-22-2025
